The Nalanda Reservoir, located in Sri Lanka’s Matale District, is notable for being the country’s first concrete gravity dam, constructed in the 1950s by the Ceylon Department of Irrigation. The dam comprises nine monoliths, with a crest length of approximately 125 meters and a maximum height of about 36 meters. Its spillway features a low-level uncontrolled ogee-crested horseshoe section and a high-level broad-crested weir.

Over the years, the Nalanda Dam has exhibited signs of deterioration, suspected to be due to Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR). Additionally, assessments have indicated that the dam’s stability does not meet modern safety standards. Consequently, a program was initiated to stabilize and upgrade the dam to align with current safety requirements.

Beyond its engineering significance, the Nalanda Reservoir serves as a vital water source for agriculture in the region. The surrounding area offers picturesque landscapes, making it a serene destination for nature enthusiasts. Visitors can engage in activities such as boating, fishing, nature walks, bird watching, and photography. The best time to visit is from November to April, when the weather is most favorable for outdoor activities.

Historical Significance

• Nalanda Reservoir was Sri Lanka’s first concrete gravity dam, constructed in the 1950s by the Ceylon Department of Irrigation.
• Unlike ancient reservoirs built using earthen embankments, Nalanda was an early example of modern engineering techniques in Sri Lanka’s water conservation efforts.
• The dam consists of nine monoliths, with a unique horseshoe-shaped spillway, a design that was innovative for its time.